Fuel from the fuel tank by means of the electric fuel pump moves in a power supply system and further to nozzles. The regulator of pressure provides constant pressure in system. Electrically the operated fuel nozzles inject fuel into an inlet collector just before inlet valves. The control unit of the engine defines the moment of injection of fuel and its quantity.

In the engine with a working volume of 2,0 l injection of fuel is made at the same time by two nozzles through each turn of a bent shaft. On other engines the injection happens consistently, according to an operating procedure of cylinders.

The air which is soaked up by the engine passes the air filter, throttle knot and further goes to inlet valves.

Fig. 5.37. Sensor of a mass consumption of air: 1 – plate

According to the mass of the air coming to the engine and measured by the sensor of a mass consumption of air (HFM) the necessary amount of injectable fuel is defined. The sensor of a mass consumption of air has the sensitive heated plate of 1 (fig. 5.37) cooled by the air passing through it. For maintenance of constant temperature of a plate the size of current changes according to the mass of the soaked-up air. The control unit of the engine determines necessary amount of injectable fuel by the size of the current received from the sensor of a mass expense.

Electronic control unit, receiving signals from various sensors and governing bodies, ensures optimum functioning of the engine depending on traffic conditions. At damage of one of sensors the control unit passes to work in emergency operation not to allow damage of the engine and to provide the movement of the car to the nearest auto repair shop. The engine works in this mode unstably and at increase in pressing a pedal of an accelerator can stop.

The sensor of provision of a bent shaft is installed on the block of cylinders near a gear wreath of a flywheel. He reports to the control unit situation and frequency of rotation of a bent shaft.

The sensor of position of the camshaft is located on a head of the block of cylinders and specifies position of the camshaft at present.

The sensor of provision of a butterfly valve transmits a signal of its angular situation.

The switch of idling gives the control unit information on the provision of a butterfly valve during the operation of the engine idling. At the same time the switch of full loading gives a signal that the butterfly valve is in the situation corresponding to operation of the engine on full loading.

The sensor of temperature of cooling liquid represents the resistor which resistance decreases with growth of temperature of cooling liquid.

The sensor of temperature of the soaked-up air is arranged similar to the sensor of temperature of cooling liquid.

Fuel vapors from the fuel tank are caught by an absorber with the electromagnetic valve. Absorbent carbon accumulates fuel vapors which during the operation of the engine as a result of formation of vacuum in an inlet collector get to cylinders where burn down.

The sensor of concentration of oxygen (lambda probe) is necessary for the correct work of catalytic converter, it gives to the control unit a signal of amount of oxygen in the fulfilled gases, as a result the control unit changes fuel supply.

The valve of regulation of frequency of rotation of a bent shaft idling regulates amount of the air coming to a round of a butterfly valve. Constant frequency of rotation of a bent shaft, irrespective of number of the connected consumers, such, for example, as the pump of the hydraulic booster of steering or the compressor of the air conditioning system is as a result provided.

The detonation sensor (except the release 2,0 l engine to 04.1996 g) is intended for definition of an optimum angle of an advancing of ignition.

The device of adjustment of the camshaft (except the release 2,0 l engines to 04.1996 g and the V6 engine). As a result of action of an electrohydraulic executive element after the command of the control unit the camshaft of inlet valves is rearranged rather chain drive. At shift in the delay direction operation of the engine idling becomes softer, respectively during the operation of the engine at a high frequency of rotation of a bent shaft power increases. At low and average frequencies of rotation of a bent shaft at early closing of inlet valves filling of cylinders improves, the torque as a result increases.

Application on line 6-cylinder engines of a so-called resonant inlet pipe which depending on the frequency of rotation of a bent shaft changes length of an inlet path to cylinders, allows to improve the characteristic of torque.

The Motronic ME system is the advanced HFM system. Fuel nozzles as well as in the HFM system, work consistently according to an operating procedure of cylinders. The main difference — management of a butterfly valve by means of the executive mechanism which, in turn, regulates the frequency of rotation of a bent shaft idling. The accelerator pedal in this system has an electronic communication with the control unit of the engine. The electronic sensor controls the provision of a pedal. Control of a butterfly valve is exercised of the control unit by means of a servomotor. The system providing maintenance of constant speed of the car is built in a control system of a pedal of an accelerator.